Specifies whether the selected option should be turned on or off. Specifies that output goes to the client application. Specifies that input comes from the client application. For security reasons, it is best to use a fixed command string, or at least avoid including any user input in it. Note that the command is invoked by the shell, so if you need to pass any arguments that come from an untrusted source, you must be careful to strip or escape any special characters that might have a special meaning for the shell. In COPY FROM, the input is read from standard output of the command, and in COPY TO, the output is written to the standard input of the command. Windows users might need to use an E'' string and double any backslashes used in the path name. An input file name can be an absolute or relative path, but an output file name must be an absolute path. The path name of the input or output file. Note that parentheses are required around the query.įor INSERT, UPDATE and DELETE queries a RETURNING clause must be provided, and the target relation must not have a conditional rule, nor an ALSO rule, nor an INSTEAD rule that expands to multiple statements. queryĪ SELECT, VALUES, INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE command whose results are to be copied. If no column list is specified, all columns of the table except generated columns will be copied. column_nameĪn optional list of columns to be copied. The name (optionally schema-qualified) of an existing table. When STDIN or STDOUT is specified, data is transmitted via the connection between the client and the server.Įach backend running COPY will report its progress in the pg_stat_progress_copy view. The command must be specified from the viewpoint of the server, and be executable by the PostgreSQL user. When PROGRAM is specified, the server executes the given command and reads from the standard output of the program, or writes to the standard input of the program. The file must be accessible by the PostgreSQL user (the user ID the server runs as) and the name must be specified from the viewpoint of the server. Table columns not specified in the COPY FROM column list will receive their default values.ĬOPY with a file name instructs the PostgreSQL server to directly read from or write to a file. For COPY FROM, each field in the file is inserted, in order, into the specified column. If a column list is specified, COPY TO copies only the data in the specified columns to the file. COPY TO can also copy the results of a SELECT query. COPY TO copies the contents of a table to a file, while COPY FROM copies data from a file to a table (appending the data to whatever is in the table already). COPY moves data between PostgreSQL tables and standard file-system files.
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